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Political or social issues EssayEthnocentrism refers to peoples habit of applying selfness in daily life activities by considering themselves on the nose than others, pulling towards themselves and therefore make all judgments based on their own values, feelings, ideas, ideals, traditions and cultural practices. It is an aspect that brings issues of prejudices, hatred, ethnicity and stereotyped practices. On the other side, it strengthens and maintains belief structures and behaviors as well as creating rationale pride.It also creates personal volunteering nub for ones group or community aimed at collective benefits. The mostly realized exit of ethnocentrism is that it creates negative effects especially when it comes to communication and understanding one another. This is because people from unalike cultures have different opinions and perceptions when it comes to different issues in life such as cultural, political or social issues. It is therefore gruelling for people t o reach a consensus as everyone considers him/her right, thus misperceptions and misunderstandings (Felix, 2004). b.Explain the difference between individualistic cultures and collectivistic cultures and your personal experiences with culture shock. Hofstede compared ethnocentrism American and Indian college students and came up with two major aspects which mostly deepened Americans students socio-cultural conformity. One of the aspects was individualistic culture, where a culture is developed to value oneself more(prenominal) than others and when it comes to a group its members are considered more than non members. The other aspect was power distance dimension which mainly cogitate on societal equality and inequality.This is the view that high powered people are entitled to more privileges than the low powered. According to his research the above two aspects made America score 91% and India 48% of ethnocentrism in students. Collectivist culture is the culture in which benefit to all is the principle. It applies in countries or society where people value mutualism by caring for one another (Violet, 2001).ReferenceFelix, G. , (2004) Social Psychology. London, Blackwell Publishers Violet, T. , (2001) sociological Theories and Approaches. West, CT, Praeger